Patching parquet archive writer for high memory usage

pkg/metricstore/archive.go

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ func CleanUp(wg *sync.WaitGroup, ctx context.Context) {
 // cleanUpWorker takes simple values to configure what it does
 func cleanUpWorker(wg *sync.WaitGroup, ctx context.Context, interval string, mode string, cleanupDir string, delete bool) {
 	wg.Go(func() {
-
 		d, err := time.ParseDuration(interval)
 		if err != nil {
 			cclog.Fatalf("[METRICSTORE]> error parsing %s interval duration: %v\n", mode, err)
@@ -99,8 +98,8 @@ func deleteCheckpoints(checkpointsDir string, from int64) (int, error) {
 	}
 
 	type workItem struct {
-		dir            string
+		dir           string
-		cluster, host  string
+		cluster, host string
 	}
 
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
@@ -187,9 +186,8 @@ func archiveCheckpoints(checkpointsDir, cleanupDir string, from int64) (int, err
 			return totalFiles, err
 		}
 
-		// Collect rows from all hosts in this cluster using worker pool
+		// Collect files to delete from all hosts in this cluster using worker pool
 		type hostResult struct {
-			rows  []ParquetMetricRow
 			files []string // checkpoint filenames to delete after successful write
 			dir   string   // checkpoint directory for this host
 		}
@@ -199,6 +197,8 @@ func archiveCheckpoints(checkpointsDir, cleanupDir string, from int64) (int, err
 			dir, host string
 		}, Keys.NumWorkers)
 
+		rowChan := make(chan *ParquetMetricRow, 10000)
+
 		var wg sync.WaitGroup
 		errs := int32(0)
 
@@ -207,19 +207,20 @@ func archiveCheckpoints(checkpointsDir, cleanupDir string, from int64) (int, err
 			go func() {
 				defer wg.Done()
 				for item := range work {
-					rows, files, err := archiveCheckpointsToParquet(item.dir, cluster, item.host, from)
+					files, err := archiveCheckpointsToParquet(item.dir, cluster, item.host, from, rowChan)
 					if err != nil {
 						cclog.Errorf("[METRICSTORE]> error reading checkpoints for %s/%s: %s", cluster, item.host, err.Error())
 						atomic.AddInt32(&errs, 1)
 						continue
 					}
-					if len(rows) > 0 {
+					if len(files) > 0 {
-						results <- hostResult{rows: rows, files: files, dir: item.dir}
+						results <- hostResult{files: files, dir: item.dir}
 					}
 				}
 			}()
 		}
 
+		// Produce work items
 		go func() {
 			for _, hostEntry := range hostEntries {
 				if !hostEntry.IsDir() {
@@ -231,15 +232,22 @@ func archiveCheckpoints(checkpointsDir, cleanupDir string, from int64) (int, err
 				}{dir: dir, host: hostEntry.Name()}
 			}
 			close(work)
+		}()
+
+		// Wait for all workers and close rowChan and results
+		go func() {
 			wg.Wait()
+			close(rowChan)
 			close(results)
 		}()
 
-		// Collect all rows and file info
+		// Concurrently write from rowChan to Parquet
-		var allRows []ParquetMetricRow
+		parquetFile := filepath.Join(cleanupDir, cluster, fmt.Sprintf("%d.parquet", from))
+		rowCount, writerErr := writeParquetArchiveStream(parquetFile, rowChan)
+
+		// Collect all file info
 		var allResults []hostResult
 		for r := range results {
-			allRows = append(allRows, r.rows...)
 			allResults = append(allResults, r)
 		}
 
@@ -247,17 +255,18 @@ func archiveCheckpoints(checkpointsDir, cleanupDir string, from int64) (int, err
 			return totalFiles, fmt.Errorf("%d errors reading checkpoints for cluster %s", errs, cluster)
 		}
 
-		if len(allRows) == 0 {
+		if writerErr != nil {
+			return totalFiles, fmt.Errorf("writing parquet archive for cluster %s: %w", cluster, writerErr)
+		}
+
+		if rowCount == 0 {
+			// Cleanup empty parquet file if created
+			os.Remove(parquetFile)
 			continue
 		}
 
-		// Write one Parquet file per cluster
-		parquetFile := filepath.Join(cleanupDir, cluster, fmt.Sprintf("%d.parquet", from))
-		if err := writeParquetArchive(parquetFile, allRows); err != nil {
-			return totalFiles, fmt.Errorf("writing parquet archive for cluster %s: %w", cluster, err)
-		}
-
 		// Delete archived checkpoint files
+		totalFilesCluster := 0
 		for _, result := range allResults {
 			for _, file := range result.files {
 				filename := filepath.Join(result.dir, file)
@@ -265,12 +274,13 @@ func archiveCheckpoints(checkpointsDir, cleanupDir string, from int64) (int, err
 					cclog.Warnf("[METRICSTORE]> could not remove archived checkpoint %s: %v", filename, err)
 				} else {
 					totalFiles++
+					totalFilesCluster++
 				}
 			}
 		}
 
 		cclog.Infof("[METRICSTORE]> archived %d rows from %d files for cluster %s to %s",
-			len(allRows), totalFiles, cluster, parquetFile)
+			rowCount, totalFilesCluster, cluster, parquetFile)
 	}
 
 	return totalFiles, nil

pkg/metricstore/parquetArchive.go

@@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ type ParquetMetricRow struct {
 	Value     float32 `parquet:"value"`
 }
 
-// flattenCheckpointFile recursively converts a CheckpointFile tree into Parquet rows.
+// flattenCheckpointFile recursively converts a CheckpointFile tree into Parquet rows via a channel.
 // The scope path is built from the hierarchy: host level is "node", then child names
 // map to scope/scope_id (e.g., "socket0" → scope="socket", scope_id="0").
-func flattenCheckpointFile(cf *CheckpointFile, cluster, hostname, scope, scopeID string, rows []ParquetMetricRow) []ParquetMetricRow {
+func flattenCheckpointFile(cf *CheckpointFile, cluster, hostname, scope, scopeID string, rowChan chan<- *ParquetMetricRow) {
 	for metricName, cm := range cf.Metrics {
 		ts := cm.Start
 		for _, v := range cm.Data {
 			if !v.IsNaN() {
-				rows = append(rows, ParquetMetricRow{
+				rowChan <- &ParquetMetricRow{
 					Cluster:   cluster,
 					Hostname:  hostname,
 					Metric:    metricName,
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func flattenCheckpointFile(cf *CheckpointFile, cluster, hostname, scope, scopeID
 					Timestamp: ts,
 					Frequency: cm.Frequency,
 					Value:     float32(v),
-				})
+				}
 			}
 			ts += cm.Frequency
 		}
@@ -56,10 +56,8 @@ func flattenCheckpointFile(cf *CheckpointFile, cluster, hostname, scope, scopeID
 
 	for childName, childCf := range cf.Children {
 		childScope, childScopeID := parseScopeFromName(childName)
-		rows = flattenCheckpointFile(childCf, cluster, hostname, childScope, childScopeID, rows)
+		flattenCheckpointFile(childCf, cluster, hostname, childScope, childScopeID, rowChan)
 	}
-
-	return rows
 }
 
 // parseScopeFromName infers scope and scope_id from a child level name.
@@ -91,15 +89,23 @@ func parseScopeFromName(name string) (string, string) {
 	return name, ""
 }
 
-// writeParquetArchive writes rows to a Parquet file with Zstd compression.
+// writeParquetArchiveStream writes rows from a channel to a Parquet file with Zstd compression in batches.
-func writeParquetArchive(filename string, rows []ParquetMetricRow) error {
+func writeParquetArchiveStream(filename string, rowChan <-chan *ParquetMetricRow) (int, error) {
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(filename), CheckpointDirPerms); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("creating archive directory: %w", err)
+		go func() {
+			for range rowChan {
+			}
+		}()
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("creating archive directory: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	f, err := os.OpenFile(filename, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, CheckpointFilePerms)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("creating parquet file: %w", err)
+		go func() {
+			for range rowChan {
+			}
+		}()
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("creating parquet file: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer f.Close()
 
@@ -115,19 +121,45 @@ func writeParquetArchive(filename string, rows []ParquetMetricRow) error {
 		)),
 	)
 
-	if _, err := writer.Write(rows); err != nil {
+	batchSize := 4096
-		return fmt.Errorf("writing parquet rows: %w", err)
+	batch := make([]ParquetMetricRow, 0, batchSize)
+	rowCount := 0
+	var writeErr error
+
+	for rowPtr := range rowChan {
+		if writeErr != nil {
+			continue // Drain the channel to prevent worker deadlock
+		}
+		batch = append(batch, *rowPtr)
+		if len(batch) >= batchSize {
+			if _, err := writer.Write(batch); err != nil {
+				writeErr = fmt.Errorf("writing parquet batch: %w", err)
+			}
+			rowCount += len(batch)
+			batch = batch[:0]
+		}
+	}
+
+	if writeErr != nil {
+		return rowCount, writeErr
+	}
+
+	if len(batch) > 0 {
+		if _, err := writer.Write(batch); err != nil {
+			return rowCount, fmt.Errorf("writing remaining parquet batch: %w", err)
+		}
+		rowCount += len(batch)
 	}
 
 	if err := writer.Close(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("closing parquet writer: %w", err)
+		return rowCount, fmt.Errorf("closing parquet writer: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if err := bw.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flushing parquet file: %w", err)
+		return rowCount, fmt.Errorf("flushing parquet file: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return rowCount, nil
 }
 
 // loadCheckpointFileFromDisk reads a JSON or binary checkpoint file and returns
@@ -180,24 +212,22 @@ func loadCheckpointFileFromDisk(filename string) (*CheckpointFile, error) {
 }
 
 // archiveCheckpointsToParquet reads checkpoint files for a host directory,
-// converts them to Parquet rows. Returns the rows and filenames that were processed.
+// converts them to Parquet rows. Returns the filenames that were processed.
-func archiveCheckpointsToParquet(dir, cluster, host string, from int64) ([]ParquetMetricRow, []string, error) {
+func archiveCheckpointsToParquet(dir, cluster, host string, from int64, rowChan chan<- *ParquetMetricRow) ([]string, error) {
 	entries, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	files, err := findFiles(entries, from, false)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	if len(files) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil, nil
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	var rows []ParquetMetricRow
-
 	for _, checkpoint := range files {
 		filename := filepath.Join(dir, checkpoint)
 		cf, err := loadCheckpointFileFromDisk(filename)
@@ -206,8 +236,8 @@ func archiveCheckpointsToParquet(dir, cluster, host string, from int64) ([]Parqu
 			continue
 		}
 
-		rows = flattenCheckpointFile(cf, cluster, host, "node", "", rows)
+		flattenCheckpointFile(cf, cluster, host, "node", "", rowChan)
 	}
 
-	return rows, files, nil
+	return files, nil
 }

pkg/metricstore/parquetArchive_test.go

@@ -69,7 +69,16 @@ func TestFlattenCheckpointFile(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	rows := flattenCheckpointFile(cf, "fritz", "node001", "node", "", nil)
+	rowChan := make(chan *ParquetMetricRow, 100)
+	go func() {
+		flattenCheckpointFile(cf, "fritz", "node001", "node", "", rowChan)
+		close(rowChan)
+	}()
+
+	var rows []ParquetMetricRow
+	for r := range rowChan {
+		rows = append(rows, *r)
+	}
 
 	// cpu_load: 2 non-NaN values at node scope
 	// mem_bw: 2 non-NaN values at socket0 scope
@@ -153,17 +162,28 @@ func TestParquetArchiveRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Archive to Parquet
 	archiveDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "archive")
-	rows, files, err := archiveCheckpointsToParquet(cpDir, "testcluster", "node001", 2000)
+	rowChan := make(chan *ParquetMetricRow, 100)
+
+	var files []string
+	var archiveErr error
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		files, archiveErr = archiveCheckpointsToParquet(cpDir, "testcluster", "node001", 2000, rowChan)
+		close(rowChan)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	parquetFile := filepath.Join(archiveDir, "testcluster", "1000.parquet")
+	_, err = writeParquetArchiveStream(parquetFile, rowChan)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if len(files) != 1 || files[0] != "1000.json" {
+	<-done
-		t.Fatalf("expected 1 file, got %v", files)
+	if archiveErr != nil {
+		t.Fatal(archiveErr)
 	}
-
+	if len(files) != 1 || len(files) > 0 && files[0] != "1000.json" {
-	parquetFile := filepath.Join(archiveDir, "testcluster", "1000.parquet")
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 file (1000.json), got %v", files)
-	if err := writeParquetArchive(parquetFile, rows); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Read back and verify